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Latest facts first
| # | Question & Answer |
|---|---|
| 4776 |
What does the duty “to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals” mean?
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Citizens must uphold the Constitution and its principles
|
| 4777 |
Do Fundamental Duties apply to non-citizens?
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No, only Indian citizens
|
| 4778 |
Are Fundamental Duties applicable to all citizens?
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Yes, to every citizen of India
|
| 4779 |
What is the main purpose of Fundamental Duties?
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To promote patriotism, discipline, and a sense of responsibility among citizens
|
| 4780 |
How many Fundamental Duties are there in India today?
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11
|
| 4781 |
Who introduced Fundamental Duties in the Constitution?
-
They were added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976
|
| 4782 |
Are Fundamental Duties enforceable by law?
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No, they are moral obligations, not legally enforceable
|
| 4783 |
Which part of the Constitution lists Fundamental Duties?
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Part IV-A, Article 51A
|
| 4784 |
Can Fundamental Rights be amended by Parliament?
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Yes, but the “basic structure” of the Constitution cannot be altered
|
| 4785 |
Do Fundamental Rights apply to private individuals?
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Mostly no, they apply against the State; some exceptions exist under law
|
| 4786 |
Are Fundamental Rights absolute?
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No, they are subject to reasonable restrictions
|
| 4787 |
Can rights of prisoners be protected under Fundamental Rights?
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Yes, courts ensure humane treatment under Article 21
|
| 4788 |
Can right to privacy be claimed under Fundamental Rights?
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Yes, under Article 21 as part of personal liberty
|
| 4789 |
Can Fundamental Rights protect environmental rights?
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Yes, courts interpret Article 21 to include clean environment
|
| 4790 |
Can Fundamental Rights be reasonably restricted for national security?
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Yes, only in the interest of sovereignty and integrity
|
| 4791 |
Which amendment strengthened rights during emergencies?
-
44th Amendment
|
| 4792 |
Can Fundamental Rights be suspended during an emergency?
-
Some can, but Articles 20 and 21 cannot be suspended
|
| 4793 |
Which writ allows higher courts to review lower court orders?
-
Certiorari
|
| 4794 |
Which writ questions legality of someone holding public office?
-
Quo Warranto
|
| 4795 |
Which writ commands an official to perform a duty?
-
Mandamus
|
| 4796 |
Which writ forbids an authority from doing something?
-
Prohibition
|
| 4797 |
Which writ challenges illegal detention?
-
Habeas Corpus
|
| 4798 |
Which Article allows citizens to go to the Supreme Court for violation of Fundamental Rights?
-
Article 32
|
| 4799 |
Who can establish educational institutions under Article 30? (Repeat)
-
Religious and linguistic minorities
|
| 4800 |
What does Article 29 protect?
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Cultural, linguistic, and educational rights of minorities
|