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Latest facts first
| # | Question & Answer |
|---|---|
| 4026 |
How does electronegativity vary across a period?
-
Increases from left to right
|
| 4027 |
What is electronegativity?
-
Ability of an atom to attract shared electrons in a covalent bond
|
| 4028 |
How does ionization energy vary down a group?
-
Decreases down the group
|
| 4029 |
How does ionization energy vary across a period?
-
Increases from left to right
|
| 4030 |
What is ionization energy?
-
Energy required to remove the outermost electron from a gaseous atom
|
| 4031 |
How does atomic size vary down a group?
-
Increases due to addition of electron shells
|
| 4032 |
How does atomic size vary across a period?
-
Decreases from left to right due to increasing nuclear charge
|
| 4033 |
What is atomic size (atomic radius)?
-
Distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron of an atom
|
| 4034 |
What are groups in the periodic table?
-
Vertical columns containing elements with similar chemical properties
|
| 4035 |
What are periods in the periodic table?
-
Horizontal rows in which properties gradually change
|
| 4036 |
What is the modern periodic table based on?
-
Increasing atomic number of elements
|
| 4037 |
What was Mendeleev’s contribution to chemistry?
-
Arranged elements in order of increasing atomic mass and predicted properties of missing elements
|
| 4038 |
Who is known as the father of the periodic table?
-
Dmitri Mendeleev
|
| 4039 |
What is the importance of Avogadro’s number?
-
Relates atomic/molecular scale to macroscopic quantities in moles
|
| 4040 |
How do isotopes differ in physical properties?
-
Different mass affects density, melting point, and radioactivity
|
| 4041 |
How do isotopes differ in chemical properties?
-
Mostly similar because they have same number of electrons
|
| 4042 |
Can atoms form multiple bonds?
-
Yes, as in double and triple covalent bonds (O₂, N₂)
|
| 4043 |
How does valency affect chemical bonding?
-
Determines the number of electrons an atom can gain, lose, or share to form bonds
|
| 4044 |
What is the difference between empirical and molecular formula?
-
Empirical: simplest ratio of atoms; Molecular: actual number of atoms in a molecule
|
| 4045 |
How are chemical equations balanced?
-
By ensuring equal number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation
|
| 4046 |
What is the law of conservation of mass in chemical reactions?
-
Mass of reactants equals mass of products
|
| 4047 |
What is a chemical equation?
-
Representation of a chemical reaction using symbols and formulas of elements and compounds
|
| 4048 |
What is stoichiometry?
-
Calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on balanced equations
|
| 4049 |
What is molar mass?
-
Mass of 1 mole of a substance in grams
|
| 4050 |
What is a mole in chemistry?
-
Amount of substance containing 6.022 × 10²³ particles (Avogadro’s number)
|